Jaisa ki hum sabhi jaante hai, bijli ki katauti har kisi ke saath ho sakti hai…kabhi-kabhi.
Jab aisa hota hai, aur aapka computer theek se band nahi hota, kai boori cheezein ho sakti hai…
- Yeh bekaar toot-phoot laati hai hardware par, jo jyadatar computer failures ki asli jad hai.
- Yeh aapke data ko kai tareekon se nuksaan pahuncha sakta hai.
Aur ek hi pal mein, aap ek poore din ka kaam kho sakte hai…ya usse bhi kharab.
Jiske liye…apne data ko surakshit rakhne ke liye, ek Abaadhit Vidyut Aapoorti (jisse Angrezi mein Uninterruptible Power Supply, ya chhote ke liye UPS kehte hain) ek aavashyakta hai kisi bhi office ya studio ke liye.
Samasya hai ki…ek sahi UPS paana bahut pareshaani ka kaam hai, kyunki iss vishay par lagbhag HAR shikshaatmak saadhan bahut takhneeki shabdjaal istemaal karte hai jo kuch hi upbhokta samajh sakte hai.
Aur hum mein se lagbhag sabhi ek jyadatar saral samadhaan chahte hai, jisse:
- data aur upkaran surakshit reh sake…
- yeh satushtata ki aapne apne paison se sabse behtereen product khareeda hai…
- aur asaani se istemaal kiya jaaye, bas plug lagaye aur iske baare mein bhool jaayen.
Toh aaj ki post mein, yeh wohi hai jiski khoj mein main aapki madadd karunga.
Toh chaliye shuru karte hai. Pehle hai…
UPS vs Power Conditioners
Kai baar logon ko samajh mein nahi aata inn dono mein antar kya hai…ek ko dusre ke liye bhul samajhte hai.
Toh kuch cheezon ko abhi se saaf karte hai, dono ko paribhaashit karke:
- Ek Abaadhit Vidyut Aapoorti (UPS) – ek yantra hai ek powerback battery ke saath jo kai minton ki bijli deta hai, jab bijli kat jaati hai. Aam taur par yeh computer ke saath istemaal hote hai, sanvedansheel data ki raksha karne ke liye taaki aapke paas kaafi samay ho theek se shutdown karne ka.
- Ek Power Conditioner – ek aisa yantra hai jo vibhhin electronic upkaranon tak bijli baant ta aur filter karta hai, jaise ki studio monitors ya audio interfaces.
Inn dono mein se koi bhi aapko suraksha ke kai power filtering tareeke de sakte hai, jaise ki surge protection aur voltage regulations, magar praathamik antar hai ki UPS mein battery hoti hai, jabki power conditioner mein nahi.
Toh agar ek power conditioner hi aapko asal chahiye, iss post ko padhen:
Nahi toh, aage badhte hai…
UPS ki 3 Shreniyaan
Aapke budget aur suraksha ke sthar ke anusaar, UPS ki 3 shreniyaan hai:
- Standby (offline)
- Online
- Line-Interactive
Yahan dekhiye har ek kaise kaam karte hain:
1. Offline/Standby UPS
Teenon designs mein se saste…
Ek standby UPS samanya paristhitiyon mein kaam karta hai aapke computer tak AC power bhej seedhe deewal ki outlet se.
Iss samay mein…battery standby par rehti hai.
Toh, jab bijli kat jaati hai, UPS samasya ka pata lagata hai aur battery par badal deta hai.
Jahanki yeh tareeka kaam karta hai jyadatar consumer electronics ke liye…
Samasya hai ki…iss badalne ki prakriya mein kuch kshandon ki giravat hoti hai jo khatarnaak hai bahut naazuk upkaranon ke liye.
Isi kaaran takhneeki roop se, standby UPS ek “asli UPS” nahi maana jaata, kyunki yeh sach mein “abaadit” nahi.
Hum sab ke liye achhi khabar hai ki…aam giravat ka samay, yaani lapse time, (jyadatar 5ms se kam, par kabhi-kabhaar 20-100ms tak hota hai) jo ek sadhaaran desktop ki sahansheelta ke andar hai.
Sankatpoorn upyogon ke liye, jahanki, iss agle design ka istemaal karna jyada behter hai…
2. Online UPS
Sabse behter aur mehenga design inn teenon mein se hai online UPS (urf, sache UPS).
Jabki kabhi istemaal kiye jaate the sirf bahut mehenge commercial operations ke liye, aaj ki technology ne mumkin banaya hai inhe upbhoktayon ke liye bhi lagbhag kiphayati banana.
Ek sachi “abaadhit” backup power dena bijli ki katauti ke dauraan, yeh istemaal karte hai “double conversion method“, jo kuch aise kaam karta hai:
- Yeh AC power leta hai deewaal se, aur usse DC mein badalta hai battery ko charge karne ke liye.
- Yeh DC power leta hai battery se aur usse AC mein badalta hai, jo phir aapke computer ko bijli dene ke liye istemaal hoti hai.
Toh standby UPS ke vipareet jo sirf samasya ke samay hi kaam karta hai…online UPS har baar bijli ko filter karta hai battery se aapke computer tak bhejne se pehle.
Ismein 2 BADE munafe hain:
- Bijli ki katauti ke dauraan, bilkul SHUNYA bijli rukavat hoti hai, kyunki computer pehle se hi battery power par chal raha hai.
- Aapke computer tak bijli saaf aur sthir pahunchti hai, kyunki output hamesha battery dwara niyamit rehti hai.
Iss double conversion tareeka ki ek kharaab cheez hai ki…yeh ek aam standby UPS se kahin jyada oorja leta hai.
Haalanki…energy efficieny badhane ke liye, ek aisa online tareeka jisse “delta conversion” ke naam se jaane jaata hai bhi maujood hai…jo bijli ka ek hissa computer tak seedhe bhejta hai, battery ke madhyam ki bajay.
Jaisa ki aap soch rahe hai, yeh saare technology sasti toh nahi…ek aam online UPS aksar lakhon rupyon tak ke ho sakte hain…jo ek aam upbhokta ke budget se kahin bahar hai.
Jisliye jyadatar logon ko, main iss UPS design ki sifarish karta hoon…
3. Line-Interactive UPS
Jabki poori bijli ki katauti se sabhi ko sabse jyada darr lagta hai…
Jyadatar jagahon par, jyadatar bijli rukavat sirf kuch kshandon ke bijli ke doobaav se hoti hain, jinhe aam taur par brownouts kaha jaata hai.
Samasya hai ki…standby UPS brownouts bahut kharaab tareeke se sambhaalte hai, kyunki unhe baar-baar AC aur battery power ki beech badalna padta hai har ek doobki ko sambhaalne ke liye.
Yeh battery ki jeevan-aayu kaafi kam kar sakte hai, battery ko bematlab khaali kar, aur upyogkartaon ko pareshaani hoti hai baar-baar alarm ke bajne se.
Online UPS jabki, achhe hai brownouts sambhaalne ke liye, kyunki yeh ek barabar voltage banaye rakh sakte hai battery power se. Par jaise ki aap jaante hain…yeh mehenge bhi hai.
Saubhaagya se humare liye…Line-Interactive UPS brownouts bhi sambhaalte hain, aur ek bahut hi kam daam mein, ek khaas tarah ke transformer ka istemaal kar jo apni output voltage ko badal sakta hai kuch palon ki bijli ke utaad-chadaav ke saath.
Toh phir jab bijli mein doobaav hotein hain, transformer phir bhi ek sthir output de sakta hai battery power par badale bina.
Aur kyunki interactive UPS sirf thode hi mehenge hai standby models se…aam sehmati hai ki: yeh kulmilkar behter keemat dete hain inn teenon designs mein se.
Ab aage…
Voltage Rating aur Run-Time
Design ke bavajood, praathamik metric jo istemaal hota hai ek UPS battery ki apekshit output jaanne ke liye, woh hai volt amp rating (VA) Regardless of design, the praathamik metric used to determine the expected output of a UPS battery is volt amp rating (VA).
Samanyatah, bade VA numbers jyada lambe run-times dete hai…jo aankda aapko batata hai kitne minutes hain aapke paas apne computer ko shut down karne ke liye bijli jaane ke baad.
Toh meri sifarish yahan hai ki…ek aisa UPS chunne apne budget mein jismein sabse unnchi VA rating ho.
Ghar mein istemaal karne ke liye, aankde jyadatar 200VA – 1500 VA ke beech hote hain. Aur samanyatah, yeh aam taur par 5-10 minutes ki bijli ka backup de sakte hain.
Haalanki dusre kaaran bhi run-time ko effect karte hai, jaise ki battery ki sehat, aur load jiski zaroorat hai sabhi connected yantron tak bijli pahunchane ki…toh asal ke run times iss range ke bahar tak kheenche ja sakte hain.
Anya Suvidhayon Jinke Baare Mein Dhyaan Dena Chahiye
Abhi tak jo humne cover kiya hai, aap aam taur par apni talaash 3-4 mumkin models tak la sakte hai.
Aur iss samay par…aapki aakhri pasand inn 6 suvidhayon ke adhaar par hogi:
- Performance Monitoring
- Upalabdh Connections
- Form Factor
- Shor
- User-Replaceable Batteries
- Upkaran Suraksha Nitiyaan
1. Performance Monitoring
Ek badi samasya jo purane UPS designs ke saath thi ki yeh kuch hi jaankaari dete hai unki vartamaan sehat par.
Aur aksar, samasyaon ka pata nahi chalta tha thi jab tak bijli nahi chali jaati aur bahut der ho jaati.
Iss kami ko dekhte hue, aaj ke kai naye units mein kuch achhe monitoring systems jude hue hain…jo hume sambhaavit samasyayon ke baare mein turant batate hai.
Udhaaran ke liye, kai unnche-sire ke units mein visual displays shaamil hai, jo bahut ahem aankade dikhate hai, jinmein shaamil, battery ki sehath, run-time, ityaadi.
Dusron mein software programs shaamil hote hai jisse aap unn ahem sanketon ko seedhe apne desktop se monitor kar sakte hai. Kuch itne hoshiyaar hain ki aapke computer ko khud-b-khud shut down kar sakte hai, jab battery ki reserve bahut kam ho jaaye.
2. Uplabdh Connections
UPS models jo ghar mein istemaal hote hain aam taur par aksar 5-8 outlets dete hai…
- Inmein se kuch jo connected hai battery par backup power ke liye.
- Aur kuch jo NAHI, par phir bhi dusre standard features dete hai jaise surge protection.
Dusre data cables ke liye bhi suraksha dete hain, jaise ki ethernet aur coaxial connections ke liye, jo ek zaroori suvidha hai unn logon ke liye jo peripherals istemaal karne ka soch rahe hai.
3. Form Factor
Aam taur par jaane jaata hai UPS industry mein ek “form factor” ki tarah, yeh fancy shabd ek unit ke bahari aakaar se jyada kuch nahi batata.
2 form factor vikalp hai:
- tower – jo chhote hain, ek stand-alone unit ki tarah hai, aur jo mukhya roop se design kiye gaye hai saral, home/office setups ke liye.
- rackmounted – bade hai, ek standard rack shelf ke liye design kiye gaye hai, aur jyadatar istemaal kiye jaate hai aur jatil commercial operations ke liye.
Lagbhag sabhi kisson mein, main tower units ki sifarish deta hoon sadhaaran upbhoktaon ke istemaal ke liye.
4. Shor
Aap apna UPS kaise istemaal karenge uss adhaar par, pankhe ki awaaz aapko pareshaan kar sakti hai ya nahi.
Home recording ke liye, yeh ek BADI samasya hai. Offices ke liye…itna kuch khaas nahi.
Ek aam niyam ke adhaar par, chhote UPS ko jyadatar ek pankhe ki zaroorat nahi hoti thanda rakhne ke liye, par bade walon ko aksar hogi.
Toh agar aapke kaam ko ek dum shaanti chahiye, dekh le ki aapke UPS mein pankha nahi hai…ya phir agar aapke computers kisi dusre kamre mein rakhe hue hain, jis kisse mein koi farak nahi padta.
5. User-Replaceable Batteries
Jaisa ki kisi bhi battery ke saath…UPS ki battery bhi hamesha ke liye nahi chalti.
Jyadatar inmein 3-5 saalon ki jeevan-aayu hoti hai, aur uske baad 2 vikalp hain:
- battery ko badlein, ya phir…
- poore UPS ko badlein.
Kyunki jyada kiphayati hai sirf battery badalna, toh aapko ek aisa unit chahiye hoga jiske saath aap khud battery ko badal sake, jisse aapko servicing ke liye bhi paise nahi dene padenge.
Durbhaagya se, sabse saste units mein aisi suvidha nahi hoti, toh isiliye bhavishya mein aap paise bachayenhe inse bach kar.
6. Upkaran Suraksha Nitiyaan
Jitna bhi mahaan aapka UPS ho, hamesha mumkin hota hai ki yeh galat kshand par chook jaye.
Toh…unn kuch asadhaaran ghatnayon ke baare mein chaukanna reh kar, kuch brands “equipment protection policies” (yaani, upkaran suraksha nitiyaan) dete hai, unn samasyayon ko cover karne ke liye jo unke products ke malfunctioning ki wajah se hongi.
Aur kyunki inn policies ko Rs. 30 lakh se Rs. 60 lakh tak cover karna zaroori hai, toh aam taur par sirf sabse bade brands hi inhe shaamil karte hain.
Aur iss agle bhaag mein, main aapko dikhaunga top UPS models jinki main sifarish karta hoon, aur maine iss list ko market ke top 3 brands se seemit kiya hai.
Toh chaliye yahan dekhte hain…
UPS ke Top 3 Brands
Bina koi shaq, 3 sabse bade aur mushhoor UPS utpaadak, India mein hain:
- APC
- Intex
- Microtek
Aur kyunki unke kai top commercial units Rs. 30,000 se Rs. 65,000 ya jyada tak ho sakte hai…
Home studios aur offices ke liye, yahan dekhiye main jinki sifarish karta hoon Rs. 20,000 se neeche:
APC se:
APC Equipment Protection Policy
Intex se:
Microtek se:
- Microtek (standby) – (800VA)
Aur agar aapko sach mein ek online UPS chahiye, toh yahan dekhiye 2 behtereen kiphayati vikalp jinki main sifarish karta hoon: